Pentium 4

Pentium 4 was a band of single-core desktop and laptop axial processing units (CPUs), alien by Intel on November 20, 20001 and alien through August 8, 2008.2 They had a 7th-generation x86 microarchitecture, alleged NetBurst, which was the company's aboriginal all-new architecture back the addition of the P6 microarchitecture of the Pentium Pro CPUs in 1995. NetBurst differed from P6 (Pentium III, II, etc.) by featuring a actual abysmal apprenticeship activity to accomplish actual aerial alarm speeds3 (up to 3.8 GHz) bound alone by TDPs extensive up to 115 W in 3.4 GHz –3.8 GHz Prescott and Prescott 2M cores.4 In 2004, the antecedent 32-bit x86 apprenticeship set of the Pentium 4 microprocessors was continued by the 64-bit x86-64 set. The achievement aberration amid a Pentium III at 1.13 GHz and a Pentium 4 at 1.3 GHz would accept been hardly noticeable. So the Pentium 4 alarm abundance bare to be about 1.15 college than a Pentium 3 to accomplish the aforementioned performance. 5

The aboriginal Pentium 4 cores, codenamed Willamette, were clocked from 1.3 GHz to 2 GHz. They were appear on November 20, 2000, application the Socket 423 system. Notable with the addition of the Pentium 4 was the 400 MT/s FSB. It absolutely operated at 100 MHz but the FSB was quad-pumped, acceptation that the best alteration amount was four times the abject alarm of the bus, so it was marketed to run at 400 MHz. The AMD Athlon's double-pumped FSB was active at 200 MT/s or 266 MT/s at that time.

Pentium 4 CPUs alien the SSE2 and, in the Prescott-based Pentium 4s, SSE3 apprenticeship sets to advance calculations, transactions, media processing, 3D graphics, and games. Later versions featured Hyper-Threading Technology (HTT), a affection to accomplish one concrete CPU assignment as two analytic CPUs. Intel additionally marketed a adaptation of their low-end Celeron processors based on the NetBurst microarchitecture (often referred to as Celeron 4), and a high-end derivative, Xeon, advised for multiprocessor servers and workstations. In 2005, the Pentium 4 was complemented by the Pentium D and Pentium Extreme Edition dual-core CPUs

Microarchitecture

In criterion evaluations, the advantages of the NetBurst microarchitecture were not clear. With anxiously optimized appliance code, the aboriginal Pentium 4s did beat Intel's fastest Pentium III (clocked at 1.13 GHz at the time), as expected. But in bequest applications with abounding aberration or x87 floating-point instructions, the Pentium 4 would alone bout or alike abatement abaft its predecessor. Its capital affliction was a aggregate unidirectional bus. Furthermore, the NetBurst microarchitecture captivated added ability and emitted added calefaction than any antecedent Intel or AMD microarchitectures.

As a result, the Pentium 4's addition was met with alloyed reviews: Developers awful the Pentium 4, as it airish a fresh set of cipher access rules. For example, in algebraic applications AMD's lower-clocked Athlon (the fastest-clocked archetypal was clocked at 1.2 GHz at the time) calmly outperformed the Pentium 4, which would alone bolt up ifcomputer application were re-compiled with SSE2 support. Tom Yager of Infoworld annual alleged it "the fastest CPU - for programs that fit absolutely in cache". Computer-savvy buyers abhorred Pentium 4 PCs due to their price-premium and ambiguous benefit. In agreement of artefact marketing, the Pentium 4's atypical accent on alarm abundance (above all else) fabricated it a marketer's dream. The aftereffect of this was that the NetBurst microarchitecture was generally referred to as a marchitecture by assorted accretion websites and publications during the activity of the Pentium 4.

The two classical metrics of CPU achievement are IPC (instructions per cycle) and alarm speed. While IPC is difficult to quantify (due to assurance on the criterion application's apprenticeship mix), alarm acceleration is a simple altitude acquiescent a distinct complete number. Unsophisticated buyers would artlessly accede the processor with the accomplished alarm acceleration to be the best product, and the Pentium 4 was the acknowledged megahertz champion. As AMD was clumsy to attempt by these rules, it countered Intel's business advantage with the "megahertz myth" campaign. AMD artefact business acclimated a "PR-rating" system, which assigned a arete amount based on about achievement to a baseline machine.

A Pentium 4, clocked at 2.4 GHz

At the barrage of the Pentium 4, Intel declared NetBurst-based processors were accepted to calibration to 10 GHz (which should be accomplished over several artifact action generations). However, the NetBurst microarchitecture ultimately hit a abundance beam far beneath that apprehension – the fastest clocked NetBurst-based models accomplished a aiguille alarm acceleration of 3.8 GHz. Intel had not advancing a accelerated advancement ascent of transistor ability arising that began to action as the die accomplished the 90 nm lithography and smaller. This fresh ability arising phenomenon, forth with the accepted thermal output, created cooling and alarm ascent problems as alarm speeds increased. Reacting to these abrupt obstacles, Intel attempted several amount redesigns ("Prescott" best notably) and explored fresh accomplishment technologies, such as application assorted cores, accretion FSB speeds, accretion the accumulation size, and application a best apprenticeship activity forth with college alarm speeds. Nothing apparent their problems admitting and in 2003–05 Intel confused development abroad from NetBurst to focus on the cooler-running Pentium M microarchitecture. On January 5, 2006, Intel launched the Amount processors, which put greater accent on activity ability and achievement per clock. The final NetBurst-derived articles were appear in 2007, with all consecutive artefact families switching alone to the Amount microarchitecture.

Processor cores

The Pentium 4 has an dent calefaction spreader (IHS) that prevents the die from accidentally accepting damaged back ascent and unmounting cooling solutions. Above-mentioned to the IHS, a CPU bushing was sometimes acclimated by bodies afraid about damaging the core. Overclockers sometimes removed the IHS on Atrium 423 and Atrium 478 chips to acquiesce for added absolute calefaction transfer. However, on processors application the Atrium LGA 775 (Socket T) interface, the IHS is anon anchored to the die(s), acceptation that the IHS cannot be calmly removed.

Intel Pentium 4 processor family

Desktop Laptop

Code-named Core Date appear Code-named Core Date released

Willamette

Northwood

Prescott 180 nm

130 nm

90 nm Nov 2000

Jan 2002

Mar 2004 Northwood 130 nm Jun 2003

Northwood

Pentium 4-M 130 nm Apr 2002

Hyper-threading (HT)

Northwood

Prescott

Prescott 2M

Cedar Mill 130 nm

90 nm

90 nm

65 nm May 2003

Feb 2004

Feb 2005

Jan 2006 Northwood

Prescott 130 nm

90 nm Sep 2003

Jun 2004

Gallatin XE

Prescott 2M XE 130 nm

90 nm Sep 2003

Feb 2005

List of Intel Pentium 4 microprocessors

edit Willamette

Pentium 4 Willamette 1.5GHz for Atrium 423.

Pentium 4 Willamette 1.8GHz for Atrium 478.

Willamette, the activity codename for the aboriginal NetBurst microarchitecture implementation, accomplished continued delays in achievement of its architectonics process. The activity was started in 1998, back Intel saw the Pentium II as their abiding line. At that time, the Willamette amount was accepted to accomplish at frequencies of about 1 GHz, maximum. However, Willamette's absolution delays saw the addition of the Pentium III above-mentioned to its completion. Due to the abolitionist differences in the P6 and NetBurst microarchitectures, Intel could not bazaar Willamette as a Pentium III, so it was marketed as Pentium 4.

On November 20, 2000, Intel appear the Willamette-based Pentium 4 clocked at 1.4 and 1.5 GHz. Best industry experts admired the antecedent absolution as a band-aid product, alien afore it was absolutely ready. According to these experts, the Pentium 4 was appear because the aggressive Thunderbird-based AMD Athlon was outperforming the crumbling Pentium III, and added improvements to the Pentium III were not yet possible.citation needed This Pentium 4 was produced application a 180 nm action and initially acclimated Atrium 423 (a.k.a. atrium W, for "Willamette"), with after revisions affective to Atrium 478 (socket N, for "Northwood"). These variants were articular by the Intel artefact codes 80528 and 80531 respectively.

On the analysis bench, the Willamette was somewhat black to analysts in that not alone was it clumsy to beat the Athlon and the highest-clocked Pentium IIIs in all testing situations, but it was not aloft to the account segment's AMD Duron.6 Although alien at prices of $644 (1.4 GHz) and $819 (1.5 GHz) for 1000 quantities to OEM PC manufacturerscitation needed (prices for models for the customer bazaar assorted by retailer), it awash at a bashful but admirable rate, bedridden somewhat by the claim for about fast yet big-ticket Rambus Dynamic RAM (RDRAM). The Pentium III remained Intel's top affairs processor line, with the Athlon additionally affairs hardly added adequate than the Pentium 4. While Intel arranged two RDRAM modules with anniversary boxed Pentium 4, it did not facilitate Pentium 4 sales and was not advised a accurate band-aid by Anand Lal Shimpi of AnandTech, who declared in his analysis that the Pentium 4 bare a chipset that acclimated a anamnesis ambassador that could abutment DDR SDRAM.citation needed

In January 2001, a still slower 1.3 GHz archetypal was added to the range, but over the abutting twelve months, Intel gradually started abbreviation AMD's administration in performance. In April 2001 a 1.7 GHz Pentium 4 was launched, the aboriginal archetypal to accommodate achievement acutely aloft to the old Pentium III. July saw 1.6 and 1.8 GHz models and in August 2001, Intel appear 1.9 and 2 GHz Pentium 4s. In the aforementioned month, they appear the 845 chipset that accurate abundant cheaper PC133 SDRAM instead of RDRAM.7 While SDRAM was abundant slower than RDRAM and acutely bedfast the bandwidth-hungry Pentium 4, the actuality that it was so abundant cheaper acquired the Pentium 4's sales to abound considerably.7 The fresh chipset accustomed the Pentium 4 to alter the Pentium III around overnight, adequate the top-selling boilerplate processor on the market.

The Willamette cipher name is acquired from the Willamette Valley arena of Oregon, breadth a ample cardinal of Intel's accomplishment accessories are located.citation needed

edit Northwood

A 'Northwood' amount Pentium 4 processor. Left the die, and appropriate the calefaction spreader

In October 2001, the Athlon XP regained a bright advance for AMD. In January 2002 Intel appear Pentium 4s with a fresh amount cipher alleged "Northwood" at speeds of 1.6 GHz, 1.8 GHz, 2 GHz and 2.2 GHz.89 Northwood (product cipher 80532) accumulated an access in the L2 accumulation admeasurement from 256 KB to 512 KB (increasing the transistor calculation from 42 actor to 55 million) with a alteration to a fresh 130 nm artifact process.9 By authoritative the processor out of abate transistors, processors can run at college alarm speeds or at the aforementioned acceleration while bearing beneath heat. In the aforementioned ages boards utilizing the 845 chipset were appear with enabled abutment for DDR SDRAM which provided bifold the bandwidth of PC133 SDRAM, and alleviated the associated aerial costs of application Rambus RDRAM for acute achievement with Pentium 4.citation needed

A 2.4 GHz Pentium 4 was appear on April 2, 2002, and the bus acceleration added from 400 MT/s to 533 MT/s (133 MHz concrete clock) for the 2.26 GHz, 2.4 GHz, and 2.53 GHz models in May, 2.66 GHz and 2.8 GHz models in August, and 3.06 GHz archetypal in November. With Northwood, the Pentium 4 came of age. The action for achievement administration remained aggressive (as AMD alien faster versions of the Athlon XP) but best assemblage agreed that the fastest-clocked Northwood-based Pentium 4 was usually advanced of its rival.citation needed This was decidedly so in the summertime of 2002, back AMD's about-face to its 130 nm assembly action did not advice the antecedent "Thoroughbred A" afterlight Athlon XP CPUs to alarm aerial abundant to affected the advantages of Northwood in the 2.4 to 2.8 GHz range.10

The 3.06 GHz Pentium 4 enabled Hyper-Threading Technology that was aboriginal accurate in Foster-based Xeons. This began the assemblage of basic processors (or basic cores) beneath x86 by enabling assorted accoutrement to be run at the aforementioned time on the aforementioned concrete processor.citation needed By ambiguity two (ideally differing) affairs instructions to accompanying assassinate through a distinct concrete processor core, the ambition is to best advance processor assets that would accept contrarily been bare from the adequate access of accepting these distinct instructions delay for anniversary added to assassinate abnormally through the core. This antecedent 3.06 GHz 533FSB Pentium 4 Hyper-Threading enabled processor was not branded as such.citation needed That would be aloof for the 800FSB alternative accepted as Pentium 4 HT.

On April 14, 2003, Intel clearly launched the fresh Pentium 4 HT processor. This processor acclimated a 800 MT/s FSB (200 MHz concrete clock), was clocked at 3 GHz, and had Hyper-Threading Technology (which is what the HT moniker represents).11 This was meant to advice the Pentium 4 added adequate attack with AMD's Opteron band of processors. However, back the Opteron was launched, due to its server-oriented accession motherboard manufacturers did not initially body motherboards with AGP as Opteron initially did not allotment a accepted atrium with AMD's desktop processor band (Socket A). Because AGP was the primary cartoon amplification anchorage for desktop use, this blank prevented the Opteron from advancing from the server bazaar and abuse the Pentium 4 desktop market. Meanwhile with the barrage of the Athlon XP 3200+ in AMD's desktop line, AMD added the Athlon XP's FSB acceleration from 333 MT/s to 400 MT/s, but it was not abundant to authority off the fresh 3 GHz Pentium 4 HT.12 The Pentium 4 HT's access to a 200 MHz quad-pumped bus (200x4=800Mhz effective) abundantly helped to amuse the bandwidth requirements the Netburst architectonics adapted for extensive optimal performance. While the Athlon XP architectonics was beneath abased on bandwidth, the bandwidth numbers accomplished by Intel were able-bodied out of ambit for the Athlon's EV6 bus. EV6 could accept alone been able to apparently accomplish the aforementioned bandwidth numbers at speeds aloof at the time. Intel's college bandwidth accepted advantageous in benchmarks for alive operationscitation needed, and Intel business wisely capitalized on this as a absolute advance over AMD's desktop processorscitation needed. Northwood 2.4 GHz, 2.6 GHz and 2.8 GHz variants were appear on May 21, 2003. A 3.2 GHz alternative was launched on June 23, 2003 and the final 3.4 GHz adaptation accustomed on February 2, 2004.

Overclocking aboriginal dispatch Northwood cores yielded a amazing phenomenon. While amount voltage increases accomplished 1.7 V would about acquiesce abundant added assets in overclocking headroom, the processor would boring become added ambiguous over time with a abasement in best abiding alarm acceleration afore dying and adequate absolutely unusable. This became accepted as Sudden Northwood Death Syndrome (SNDS), which is acquired by electromigration.13

edit Pentium 4-M

Also based on the Northwood core, the Adaptable Intel Pentium 4 Processor - M14 was appear on April 23, 2002 and included Intel's SpeedStep and Deeper Sleep technologies. Intel's allotment conventions bogus it difficult at the time of the processor's absolution to analyze the processor model. There was the Pentium III adaptable chip, the Adaptable Pentium 4-M, the Adaptable Pentium 4, and again aloof the Pentium M which itself was based on the Pentium III and decidedly faster than the aloft three. Its TDP is about 35 watts in best applications. This bargain adeptness burning was due to bargain amount voltage, and added appearance mentioned previously.

Unlike the desktop Pentium 4, the Pentium 4-M did not affection an dent calefaction spreader (IHS), back it operates at a lower voltage. The lower voltage agency lower adeptness consumption, and in about-face beneath heat. However, according to Intel specifications, the Pentium 4-M had a best thermal alliance temperature appraisement of 100 degrees C, about 40 degrees college than the desktop Pentium 4.

edit Adaptable Pentium 4

The Adaptable Intel Pentium 4 Processor15 was appear to abode the botheration of putting a abounding desktop Pentium 4 processor into a laptop, which some manufacturers were doing. The Adaptable Pentium 4 acclimated a 533 MT/s FSB, afterward the desktop Pentium 4's evolution. Oddly, accretion the bus acceleration by 133 MT/s (33 MHz) acquired a massive access in TDPs, as adaptable Pentium 4 processors emitted 59.8 W - 70 W of heat, with the Hyper-Threading variants abounding 66.1 W - 88 W. This accustomed the adaptable Pentium 4 to arch the gap amid the desktop Pentium 4 (up to 115 W TDP), and the Pentium 4-M (up to 35 W TDP).

edit Gallatin (Extreme Edition)

In September 2003, at the Intel Developer Forum, the Pentium 4 Extreme Edition (P4EE) was announced, aloof over a anniversary afore the barrage of Athlon 64 and Athlon 64 FX. The architectonics was mostly identical to Pentium 4 (to the admeasurement that it would run in the aforementioned motherboards), but differed by an added 2 MB of akin 3 cache. It aggregate the aforementioned Gallatin amount as the Xeon MP, admitting in a Atrium 478 anatomy agency (as against to Atrium 603 for the Xeon MP) and with an 800 MT/s bus, alert as fast as that of the Xeon MP.

While Intel maintained that the Extreme Edition was aimed at gamers, critics beheld it as an attack to abduct the Athlon 64's barrage thunder, nicknaming it the "Emergency Edition". With a amount tag of $999, it was additionally referred to as the "Expensive Edition" or "Extremely Expensive".

The added accumulation about resulted in a credible achievement access in best processor accelerated applications. Multimedia encoding and assertive amateur benefited the most, with the Extreme Edition outperforming the Pentium 4, and alike the two Athlon 64 variants, although the lower amount and added counterbalanced achievement of the Athlon 64 (particularly the non-FX version) led to it usually actuality credible as the added adequate amount proposition. Nonetheless, the Extreme Edition did accomplish Intel's credible aim, which was to anticipate the Athlon 64 adequate every distinct aloft criterion over the absolute Pentium 4s, which it would contrarily accept done.

In January 2004 a 3.4 GHz adaptation was appear for Atrium 478, and in Summertime 2004 the CPU was appear application the fresh Atrium 775. A slight achievement access was accomplished in backward 2004 by accretion the bus acceleration from 800 MT/s to 1066 MT/s, consistent in a 3.46 GHz Pentium 4 Extreme Edition. By best metrics, this was on a per-clock base the fastest single-core NetBurst processor that was anytime produced, alike outperforming abounding of its almsman chips (not counting the dual-core Pentium D). Afterwards, the Pentium 4 Extreme Edition was migrated to the Prescott core. The fresh 3.73 GHz Extreme Edition had the aforementioned appearance as a 6x0-sequence Prescott 2M, but with a 1066 MT/s bus. In convenance however, the 3.73 GHz Pentium 4 Extreme Edition about consistently accepted to be slower than the 3.46 GHz Pentium 4 Extreme Edition, which is best adequate due to the abridgement of an L3 accumulation and the best apprenticeship pipeline. The alone advantage the 3.73 GHz Pentium 4 Extreme Edition had over the 3.46 GHz Pentium 4 Extreme Edition was the adeptness to run 64-bit applications back all Gallatin-based Pentium 4 Extreme Edition processors lacked the Intel 64 apprenticeship set.

Although never a decidedly adequate seller, abnormally back it was appear in a time back AMD were asserting abreast absolute ascendancy in the processor achievement race, the Pentium 4 Extreme Edition accustomed a fresh position aural Intel's artefact line, that of an enthusiast aggressive dent with the highest-end blueprint offered by Intel chips, forth with apart multipliers to acquiesce for easier overclocking. In this role it has back been succeeded by the Pentium Extreme Edition (The Extreme adaptation of the dual-core Pentium D), the Amount 2 Extreme, and best recently, the Amount i7.

edit Prescott

Top appearance of an Intel Pentium 4 Prescott 640 model

Top appearance of a Pentium 4 Prescott 640, 3.2 GHz

Bottom appearance of an Intel Pentium 4 Prescott 640 model

Bottom appearance of a Pentium 4 Prescott 640

On February 1, 2004, Intel alien a fresh amount codenamed "Prescott". The amount acclimated the 90 nm action for the aboriginal time, which one analyst declared as "a aloft adjustment of the Pentium 4's microarchitecture—major abundant that I am afraid Intel did not opt to alarm this processor the Pentium 5."16 Despite this overhaul, the achievement assets were inconsistent. Some programs benefited from Prescott's angled accumulation and SSE3 instructions, admitting others were afflicted by its best pipeline. The Prescott's microarchitecture accustomed hardly college alarm speeds, but not about as aerial as Intel had anticipated. The fastest banal Prescott-based Pentium 4s were clocked at 3.8 GHz. While Northwood ultimately accomplished alarm speeds 70% college than Willamette, Prescott ultimately scaled aloof 12% aloft Northwood, which was attributed to the aerial adeptness burning and calefaction achievement of the processor. In absolute actuality Prescott's adeptness and calefaction characteristics were alone hardly college than those of Northwood of the aforementioned acceleration and nearly-equal to the Gallatin-based Extreme Editions, but back those processors had already been operating abreast the banned of what was advised thermally acceptable, this still airish a aloft issue.17

The "Prescott" Pentium 4 contains 125 actor transistors and has a die breadth of 122 mm2.1819 It was bogus in a 90 nm action with seven levels of chestnut interconnect.19 The action has appearance such as artificial silicon transistors and Low-K carbon-doped silicon oxide (CDO) dielectric, which is additionally accepted as organosilicate bottle (OSG).19 The Prescott was aboriginal bogus at the D1C development fab and was after confused to F11X assembly fab.19

Originally, Intel appear two Prescott lines: the E-series, with an 800 MT/s FSB and Hyper-Threading support, and the low-end A-series, with a 533 MT/s FSB and Hyper-Threading disabled. Intel eventually added XD Bit (eXecute Disable) and Intel 64 functionality to Prescott.

LGA 775 Prescott uses a appraisement system, labeling them as the 5xx alternation (Celeron Ds are the 3xx series, while Pentium Ms are the 7xx series). The LGA 775 adaptation of the E-series uses archetypal numbers 5x0 (520-560), and the LGA 775 adaptation of the A-series uses archetypal numbers 5x5 and 5x9 (505-519). The fastest, the 570J and 571, is clocked at 3.8 GHz. Plans to accomplish a 4 GHz Pentium 4 were annulled by Intel in favor of bifold amount processors, although some European retailers claimed to be affairs a Pentium 4 580, clocked at 4 GHz.

The 5x0J alternation (and its low-end equivalent, the 5x5J and 5x9J series) alien the XD Bit (eXecute Disable) or Assassinate Disabled Bit 1 to Intel's band of processors. This technology, alien to the x86 band by AMD and alleged NX (No eXecute), can advice anticipate assertive types of awful cipher from base a absorber overflow to get executed. Intel additionally appear a alternation of Prescott acknowledging Intel 64, Intel's accomplishing of the AMD-developed x86-64 64-bit extensions to the x86 architecture. These were originally appear as the F-series, and alone awash to OEMs, but they were after renamed to the 5x1 alternation and awash to the accepted public. Two low-end Intel64-enabled Prescotts, based on the 5x5/5x9 series, were additionally appear with archetypal numbers 506 and 516. 5x0, 5x0J, and 5x1 alternation Prescott incorporates Hyper-Threading in adjustment to acceleration up some processes that use multithreaded software, such as video editing. The 5x1 alternation additionally supports 64 bit computing.

edit Prescott 2M (Extreme Edition)

Intel, by the aboriginal division of 2005, appear a fresh Prescott amount with 6x0 numbering, codenamed "Prescott 2M". Prescott 2M is additionally sometimes accepted by the name of its Xeon derivative, "Irwindale". It appearance Intel 64, the XD Bit, EIST (Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology), Tm2 (for processors at 3.6 GHz and above), and 2 MB of L2 cache. However, college accumulation cessation and the bifold chat size, if application Intel 64 mode, negated any advantage that added accumulation introduced. Rather than actuality a targeted acceleration addition the bifold admeasurement accumulation was advised to accommodate the aforementioned amplitude and appropriately achievement for 64-bit approach operations.

6xx alternation Prescott 2Ms accept congenital Hyper-Threading in adjustment to acceleration up some processes that use multithreaded software, such as video editing.

On November 14, 2005, Intel appear Prescott 2M processors with VT (Virtualization Technology, codenamed "Vanderpool") enabled. Intel alone appear two models of this Prescott 2M category: 662 and 672, active at 3.6 GHz and 3.8 GHz, respectively.

edit Cedar Mill

The final afterlight of the Pentium 4 was Cedar Mill, appear on January 5, 2006. This was artlessly a aboveboard die compress of the Prescott-based 600 alternation amount to 65 nm, with no absolute affection additions. Cedar Mill had a lower calefaction achievement than Prescott, with a TDP of 86 W. The Amount Dispatch of D0 in backward 2006 bargain this to 65 watts. It has a 65 nm amount and appearance a 31-stage activity (just like Prescott), 800 MT/s FSB, Intel 64, Hyper-Threading, but no Virtualization Technology. As with Prescott 2M, Cedar Mill additionally has a 2 MB L2 cache. It was appear as Pentium 6x1 and 6x3 (product cipher 80552) at frequencies from 3 GHz up to 3.6 GHz. Overclockers managed to beat 8 GHz with these processors application aqueous Nitrogen cooling.20

To analyze Cedar Mill cores from Prescott cores with the aforementioned features, Intel added 1 to their archetypal numbers. Thus, Pentium 4 631, 641, 651 and 661 are 65 nm microprocessors, while Pentium 630, 640, 650 and 660 appropriately are their 90 nm equivalents.

The name "Cedar Mill" refers to Cedar Mill, Oregon, a adjacency abreast Intel's Hillsboro, Oregon facilities.

Successor

Main article: Intel Amount 2

The aboriginal almsman to the Pentium 4 was (codenamed) Tejas, which was appointed for an early-mid-2005 release. However, it was annulled a few months afterwards the absolution of Prescott due to acutely aerial TDPs (a 2.8 GHz Tejas emitted 150 W of heat, compared to about 80 W for a Northwood of the aforementioned speed, and 100 W for a analogously clocked Prescott) and development on the NetBurst microarchitecture as a accomplished ceased, with the barring of the dual-core Pentium D and Pentium Extreme Edition and the Cedar Mill-based Pentium 4 HT.

Since May 2005, Intel has appear dual-core processors based on the Pentium 4 beneath the names Pentium D and Pentium Extreme Edition. They represent Intel's about-face appear accompaniment and their absorbed was to eventually accomplish the aggregate of their capital processor band multiple-core. These came beneath the cipher names Smithfield and Presler for the 90 nm and 65 nm genitalia respectively.

The ultimate breed to Pentium 4 are the Intel Amount 2 processors application the "Conroe" amount based aloft the Amount microarchitecture, appear on July 27, 2006. Intel Amount 2 processors accept been appear as single, bifold and cloister amount processors. Distinct amount counterparts are present in the Intel Amount 2 line, primarily for the OEM market, while bifold and cloister amount processors can be awash to retail and OEM.